ABSTRACT
Satureja bachtiarica Bunge, an endemic species with relatively wide distribution, is traditionally used as a medicinal and spice plant in Iran. Essential oils composition, antioxidant activities and phenolics content of wild and cultivated S. bachtiarica of Yazd origin were determined in this study. Hydrodistilled essential oils were analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. Folin-Ciocalteu and A1C1[3] methods were served to determine total phenolics and flavonoids of methanol extracts, respectively. Antioxidant activities of the extracts were examined by DPPH and FRAP methods and their rosmarinic acid content was measured by using HPLC. The oil content of cultivated and wild plants was 1.8% and 0.9% v/w, respectively. Oxygenated monoterpens [78.3 - 79.5%] constituted the major fraction of essential oils with carvacrol [71.4% and 57.4% in cultivated and wild plants, respectively- Cymene [8.6 - 12.5%] was another major components of essential oils. Methanol extract from wild growing plants exhibited the higher levels antioxidant activities in both DPPH and FRAP methods [29.04 and 58.25 mg Trolox/g, respectively]. This extract also contained the higher amounts of total phenolics [24.5 mg caffeic acid /g sample], total flavonoids [87.99 mg catechin /g sample] and rosmarinic acid [3.73 mg/g dry weight] in comparison to cultivated ones [16.2 mg caffeic acid /g sample, 40.55 mg catechin /g sample and 1.73 mg/g dry weight, respectively]. Obtained results may be helpful for domestication of this plant and development of natural antioxidants for use in different industries
ABSTRACT
Moringa peregrina [Forssk.] Fiori. is a small tree, which grows in south east of Iran. The shoot and root of M. peregrina contain volatile oil which has several isothiocyanates. To study the effect of salinity on volatile constituents of root and shoot of M. peregrina. The experiment was conducted on randomized complete blocks design [RCBD] with 8 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments were consist of control, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 dS/m. The volatile constituents were determined by GC and GC/MS. The results showed that the main constituent of volatile oil in control treatment was 1,2-benzendicarboxylic acid, bis [2-methyl propyl] [29.02%] which decreased with increasing salinity. In salinity treatments, the isothiocyanates compounds such as isobutylisothiocyanate and 2-isothiocyanatepropan were increased. In control level of salinity, the main compound of root volatile oil was thiocyanic acid phenylmethyl ester [29.6%] but was not found in the salinity treatment. The content of isothiocyanates in the shoot increased with increasing salinity up to 4dS/m. The level of salinity had significant effect on volatile oil content and component of M. peregrina
Subject(s)
Oils, Volatile , Plant Roots , Plant Shoots , Soil , SalinityABSTRACT
As Moringa peregrina is a valuable medicinal plant in traditional medicine, it is necessary to determine responses of this plant to salinity. To determine some biochemical and growth responses of Moringa peregrina to salinity at the seedling stage. This experiment was conducted in Institute of Medicinal Plants-ACECR, on base of factorial experiment as completely randomized design with four replications. The treatments included a combination of 3 different sources of salt [NaCl, NaCl + CaCl[2] and natural saline water] and eight levels of salinity [control, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 dS/m]. The results showed that the salinity levels had significant effect [p < 0.01] on the studied traits. Although the sources of salinity hadn't a significant effect on shoot and root length, other traits were significantly [p < 0.01] affected by it. This study indicated that Moringa peregrina hadn't reduction in growth parameters and seedling emergence up to 6 dS/m, then these traits significantly decreased with increasing salinity. Proline and carbohydrate content as compatible organic solutes increased with increasing salinity and these results indicated an important role of proline and carbohydrates in Moringa peregrina tolerance to salinity. The survival and no reduction in seedling emergence and growth parameters up to 6 dS/m indicated that moringa was a salt tolerant species at the early growth stage